同时主义诗

① “由于诗变成了一种直接在表演现场加以解说的对象，因此人们即想出了集体赋诗的招数来。于是出现了所谓的‘同步进行诗’，亦称‘同时主义诗’，它是由一个人来写，许多人来解说，也可以是许多人同时写，然后每人自选一种语言来解说。”

见其代表作品：《酋长寻租一处住宅》 （感谢谢旺提供资料，亲亲！！！）


②塔木德


1.犹太教法典是口头法律的首部主要文本，预见到犹太人终将散乱到世界各地，王子拉比犹大在公元200年，创立了犹太教法典。

2.注释篇是犹太教法典解析讨论的笔头记录，和生活在公元200到500年之间希伯莱语学者写的哲学，道德，处世经验。这就是犹太法典的主要部分，大约有4500页文本。

3.Rashi是Rabbi Shlomo Isaac的首字母缩写，他是一个11世纪的法语注释者，Rashi解释了其中难懂的条目，以此来帮助学生们理解犹太法典的分解和理论。

4.Tosefos在文学上的意思是附加物，是评论汇总，一般以Rashi为基础，由生活在1100到1300年间的法语和德语神学博士写成。这些评论讨论了产生于注释篇的概念性主题，并与产生于其他注释文本的概念做比较。

5.Hananel是16世纪北非犹太法典编著者的评论。

6.16世纪意大利语学者Joshua Boa写的正义之眼，戒律蜡烛，包括在Maimonides和其他犹太法律章程中找到的有关最终合法决定的条目。

7.犹太法典十字架---附注

8.圣经之光，包括圣经语录参考。

9.巴哈的注释，是17世纪波兰学者Joel Sirkes的文字修订，注解了在早期犹太法典版本中出现的不同文本。

10.Gra的注释，即18世纪立陶宛学者Vilna Gaon的见解注解，暗示了在合法统治的惊人洞察力。
Lubavi


原文如下：
1 = Mishna is the first major transcription of the oral law. Foreseeing the advent of the dispersion of the Jewish people throughout the world, Rabbi Judah the Prince composed the Mishna around the year 200.

2 = Gemara is a written record of analytical discussions of the Mishna, along with philosophy, ethics, and practical advice, by the rabbinic authorities who lived between 200 and 500. This is the main body of the Talmud, consisting of some 4,500 pages of text.

3 = Rashi is an acronym for Rabbi Shlomo Isaac, an 11th-century French commentator. Rashi explains the difficult terms and helps students understand the Gemara's analysis and reasoning.

4 = Tosefos, which literally means "additions," are collections of comments, generally based on Rashi, made by French and German rabbis between 1100 and 1300. These comments discuss conceptual issues raised in the Gemara, and contrast these with concepts raised in other Gemara texts.

5 = Hananel are comments by a 16th-century North African Talmudist.

6 = Eye of Justice, Mitzva Candle, by 16th-century Italian scholar Rabbi Joshua Boaz, includes notes referencing final legal decisions found in Maimonides' and others' codes of Jewish law.

7 = Talmud Cross-References

8 = Light of the Bible includes references to Biblical quotations.

9 = Bach's Annotations, textual emendations by 17th-century Polish scholar Rabbi Joel Sirkes, note variant texts that appear in early editions of the Talmud.

10 = Gra's Annotations, concise notes by 18th-century Lithuanian scholar Vilna Gaon, suggest fascinating insights into legal rulings. Similar annotations by the Lubavitcher Rebbe and other 19th- and 20th-century scholars are planned for the new edition of the Talmud.